This article explores the benefits and disadvantages of hiring part-time employees, how part-time work functions, common types of part-time jobs, and where to start as a job seeker.
Part-time job definition
A part-time job is a type of employment where an employee works fewer hours per week than a full-time employee. Many employers treat part-time as roughly 20–30 hours per week, but there is no single universal legal definition.
Important note (US): The Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) does not define “part-time.” For health coverage under the Affordable Care Act, full-time is generally 30+ hours per week on average; many employers therefore consider <30 hours as part-time for benefits purposes.
Benefits of a part-time job
- Flexibility in scheduling
- Better work–life balance
- Additional income
Part-time roles can let people choose days and hours so they can accommodate school, childcare, or a second job.
Advantages and disadvantages of part-time work
Advantages: Flexibility and the potential for improved work–life balance.
Disadvantages: Often fewer benefits, less job security, and slower career advancement than comparable full-time roles.
Types of part-time jobs
Seasonal jobs
Temporary roles during peak seasons (e.g., retail, hospitality, tourism). Many of these are part-time, though some may be full-time for a short period.
Freelance/contract jobs
Short-term projects (writing, design, development, virtual assistance). Hours can be part-time; workers are typically contractors, not employees.
Retail jobs
Common in clothing, grocery, and department stores (cashiering, stocking, customer service). Frequently offered as part-time shifts.
Gig jobs
Task- or ride-based work (ridesharing, tutoring, pet sitting). Hours are typically self-selected and variable.
Remote part-time jobs
Customer support, data entry, QA, content moderation, or development tasks performed from anywhere with internet access.
How does a part-time job work?
Part-time employees are commonly paid hourly and may receive overtime depending on jurisdiction. In the US, non-exempt employees earn overtime for hours worked over 40 in a workweek (some states add daily overtime rules).
Benefit eligibility varies by employer and location. Part-time employees may be offered health insurance, paid time off, and sick leave, often on a pro-rated basis, but plans are typically more limited than for full-time staff.
Where to start as a job seeker
- Search job boards such as Indeed, LinkedIn, and Glassdoor.
- Network with industry contacts; ask about part-time options.
- Apply directly to organizations known to offer part-time roles.
Tailor your resume and cover letter to highlight relevant skills and availability. In interviews, demonstrate reliability, time management, and how you balance commitments.
Can part-time employees qualify for company benefits?
Sometimes. Eligibility depends on company policy, hours thresholds, and local law. Benefits can include health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, sick leave, and maternity/parental leave, often pro-rated.
Do part-time employees get overtime?
Part-time status doesn’t change overtime eligibility. In the US, non-exempt employees must be paid at least time-and-a-half for hours over 40 in a workweek (state rules may vary). Exempt employees generally are not eligible for overtime.
Opportunity for a better job
Part-time roles can help you gain experience, build a professional network, and transition into full-time work. They’re a practical way to test a new field or employer.
Opportunity to start your business
Working part-time can provide income stability while you test and grow a side business. The flexible hours can make early-stage entrepreneurship more manageable.
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